Strongly BearishIs Mark Spiegel the greatest investment guru of our time? YOU decide!! [Tesla Shorts 024]Mar 6, 2023
Open source video →Mark Spiegel views Tesla as absurdly overvalued at 70 times earnings, arguing the company is losing its technological edge to competitors with better charging speeds and interiors. He believes Tesla's recent massive price cuts will significantly reduce profit margins and that the company faces increasing competition from Chinese automakers and traditional manufacturers like GM.
Key arguments
- Tesla trading at 70 times earnings is fundamentally overvalued
- Company has slashed prices massively, reducing profit per car by approximately half
- Tesla now has trailing edge technology compared to competitors with faster charging and nicer interiors
- Full self-driving program contains blatant fraud with fake promotional videos
- Chinese competitors like BYD and traditional automakers like GM are releasing superior electric vehicles
- Tesla is losing market share and will face earnings contraction due to price cuts
Risks acknowledged
- Acknowledges Tesla had a great head start in the EV market
- Recognizes Tesla as the most popular retail stock worldwide
1 prediction from this thesis
Strongly BearishDecade Long Asset Bubble to Burst? with Mark SpiegelMar 1, 2023
Open source video →Mark Spiegel views Tesla as absurdly overvalued at 70x earnings, arguing the company has trailing-edge technology, faces intense competition, and has had to slash prices significantly which will crush margins. He sees the stock as worth only $17-18 per share based on comparison to BMW's valuation.
Key arguments
- Trading at 70x earnings while traditional automakers trade at 2.5-6x earnings
- Technology now trailing-edge with competitors offering better charging, interiors, and range
- Massive price cuts destroying profit margins - making half as much profit per car
- Self-driving technology is 'garbage' and fraudulent marketing with fake demonstrations
- Losing market share globally to superior competitors
Risks acknowledged
- Retail investor loyalty and cultural attachment could provide temporary support
1 prediction from this thesis
Strongly BearishMark Spiegel: Bear Market Rally Almost Over? S&P 500 To Fall By Over 30% In Next 18 Months?Feb 17, 2023
Open source video →Spiegel views Tesla as no longer a growth company but a commodity auto producer that slashed prices and profits in half. He expects Tesla to fall to low double digits as competition destroys margins and the growth story is completely busted.
Key arguments
- January price cuts of ~12% per car slice profits roughly in half
- Company will earn 25-35% less in 2023 than 2022 despite selling more units
- Legacy automakers can cross-subsidize EV losses with profitable ICE vehicles
- Superior competition from Hyundai/Kia EVs and other manufacturers
- Musk's behavior has damaged the brand
Risks acknowledged
- Recent rally was driven by call option gamma, not fundamentals
- Stock was very oversold before the rally began
1 prediction from this thesis
Strongly BearishThe Stock Market Is Stupidly Overvalued | Mark SpiegelFeb 9, 2023
Open source video →Spiegel views Tesla as massively overvalued compared to traditional automakers like BMW. He believes Tesla should be valued similarly to BMW at around $18-19 per share, representing roughly 90% downside from current levels. He sees Tesla as having aged product lines and facing increasing competition from established automakers.
Key arguments
- Tesla sells ~1.6M cars annually vs BMW's 2M with better margins
- BMW has $60B market cap while Tesla has over $475B at $150/share
- Traditional automakers now producing better electric cars than Tesla
- Tesla has massive liabilities from full self-driving promises and potential lawsuits
Risks acknowledged
- Assumes Tesla financials are legitimate
- Best case scenario valuation comparison
1 prediction from this thesis
Strongly BearishTesla Meltup With Motorhead and Mark SpiegelJan 28, 2023
Open source video →Tesla is transitioning from a growth stock to just another car company facing massive margin compression from price cuts and increasing competition. The company will likely see 2023 earnings decline 30%+ from 2022 levels due to 12-15% average price cuts while production only increases 3-5%, eliminating any operating leverage benefits.
Key arguments
- Price cuts of 12-15% on average will directly impact gross margins from ~25% to potentially 13% or lower
- Production guidance of 1.8M units represents only 3-5% growth over Q4 annualized rate, providing no meaningful economies of scale
- Competition from Korean EVs (Kia EV6, Hyundai Ioniq 5), Ford Mach-E, and BMW i4 is intensifying with better build quality
- China factory profits at risk due to market saturation and local competition from NIO, XPeng, BYD
- FSD is a liability that may face regulatory recall, potentially costing billions in refunds
- Used Tesla prices down 20% while overall used car market only down 4-5%
Risks acknowledged
- IRA tax credits could provide some margin support
- Demand surge from price cuts shows price elasticity exists
- New factories in Austin and Berlin could eventually provide scale benefits
3 predictions from this thesis
Strongly BearishMark Spiegel: Elon Musk is ‘a pathological liar’Jan 8, 2023
Open source video →Tesla is fundamentally overvalued with no meaningful competitive advantages as traditional automakers flood the EV market with subsidized, high-quality alternatives. The company lacks manufacturing expertise and is led by what the speaker calls 'a pathological liar' who has committed securities fraud.
Key arguments
- Tesla had a monopoly on luxury EVs but still couldn't make money profitably
- Traditional automakers can subsidize EV pricing with profits from conventional cars
- Tesla has no meaningful proprietary technology or manufacturing expertise
- Competition from Porsche, Audi, Jaguar and others will crush Tesla's market position
- Elon Musk is described as a pathological liar who committed securities fraud
- Tesla is a dysfunctional organization with senior executives fleeing
Risks acknowledged
- EV market is growing somewhat
- Tesla was first mover in luxury EV segment
1 prediction from this thesis
Strongly BearishTesla bear Mark Spiegel of Stanphyl Capital rips into Musk, ARK's Cathie Wood and Fed's Jay PowellAug 25, 2021
Open source video →Tesla is massively overvalued at a $700 billion market cap, trading at approximately 35 times the valuation per car sold compared to Volkswagen Group. The company will struggle once other automakers flood the EV market, as Tesla won't be able to subsidize EV losses with profitable ICE vehicles like traditional automakers can.
Key arguments
- Tesla trades at ~5x VW Group's market cap despite VW building similar EV volumes by next year plus 9-10 million profitable ICE vehicles
- Revenue streams like emission credit sales (~$300M in Q2) will disappear when other automakers have enough EVs
- Sequential sales growth is minimal - only 16,000 more cars from Q2 to Q3, which is a rounding error for large automakers
- Elon Musk's pattern of lying and securities fraud creates additional short thesis support
- Full self-driving capability that has been sold for 5 years at $7,000-$10,000 still doesn't work properly
Risks acknowledged
- Tesla operates in a 'fact-free zone' with complete regulatory immunity
- Stock remains disconnected from fundamental reality despite negative news
1 prediction from this thesis
Strongly BullishTesla Short Sellers Gordon Johnson and Mark Spiegel Take Aim at Elon MuskJul 9, 2020
Open source video →The YouTuber strongly defends Tesla against short sellers, arguing that Tesla is becoming profitable with leverage after reaching break-even, has strong delivery growth despite pandemic disruptions, and will benefit from the Model Y launch and China factory production. They believe Tesla will achieve record deliveries and profits in Q3/Q4 2020.
Key arguments
- Tesla short interest has decreased 60% since mid-2019 as shorts cover positions
- Tesla was only down 5% in deliveries during pandemic while other automakers saw 30% drops
- Tesla beat delivery expectations by 25% despite global disruptions
- Giga Shanghai will contribute 30% increase to Tesla deliveries in 2020
- Tesla has achieved profitability and will gain leverage on each additional delivery
- Model Y launch targets the profitable SUV/crossover market segment
Risks acknowledged
- Revenue growth has slowed compared to 2017-2018 doubling
- Tesla had to cut prices on Model 3
- Legacy automakers can subsidize EV losses with ICE profits
2 predictions from this thesis
Strongly BearishMAS Ep. 30: A vocal Tesla critic on why it’s only going to get worse…Jan 21, 2019
Open source video →Q3 2018 will be Tesla's peak quarter: the long-range rear-wheel-drive Model 3 backlog is running out within the first month of Q4, the promised $35K Model 3 won't exist at that price (best case $40K with mandatory premium package, gross margin collapses as tax credits expire), and luxury-EV competition (Jaguar I-Pace, Audi e-tron, Kia/Hyundai crossovers) is hitting showrooms at or below Tesla's ASPs. Under any car-company multiple, the debt wall of ~$10B leaves zero equity value. Musk can't abide by the SEC agreement and will detonate further. Goes broke quickly (can't refinance) or slowly (busted growth story, auto-maker multiple).
Key arguments
- Q3 2018 GAAP earnings forecast: range of -$50M to +$75M, best case maybe $75M — inadequate to service a ~$10B debt load
- The long-range RWD Model 3 backlog will be depleted before the end of October 2018 — new orders don't replace run-rate
- A shorter-range Model 3 can save at most ~$4K in battery cost; can't credibly sell for $35K or even $25K-net after the $7,500 tax credit expires
- Model 3 ASP of ~$60K this quarter isn't sustainable once higher-margin AWD/Performance backlog is gone and premium EVs arrive
- Luxury competition this fall/next year: Jaguar I-Pace, Audi e-tron, Mercedes EQ, Porsche — much nicer interiors, similar or lower net prices after tax credits diverge
- Average automaker trades at ~8x earnings; at a generous 25x PE on a hypothetical $400M annual profit, equity value = $10B which is fully absorbed by the debt
- Tesla claimed a 420K reservation list for the Model 3 — almost certainly fabricated; the number literally maps to Musk's 420 pattern, not a real count
- Musk cannot adhere to the SEC communications agreement — he's already playing games with tweets; SEC is 'laying in wait' for a bigger catch
Risks acknowledged
- A last-minute capital raise — possibly at a punitive ~$15B valuation from a hedge-fund consortium — could keep the lights on for six months even if the stock doesn't respond rationally
2 predictions from this thesis
Strongly BearishWhitney Tilson & Mark Spiegel discuss Tesla, Kase Learning seminar, 9/27/18Sep 28, 2018
Open source video →The SEC just filed fraud charges against Musk over the $420 take-private tweet, no investment bank will raise capital for Tesla given billions in civil-lawsuit liability, Model 3 is a lemon with reliability 4x worse than the next-worst car, and the whole company is dependent on free money in a rising-rate environment. Death-spiral puts at $150 and $100, June 2020 $200 puts, and short common make up the position. Odds of bankruptcy filing in the next year: 80%+.
Key arguments
- SEC fraud action against Musk + billions in civil lawsuits means no investment bank will raise capital for Tesla
- Board is liable under the $420-tweet lawsuits and may not have adequate D&O insurance
- Model 3 is a lemon — reliability 4x worse than the next-worst car, service centers already overwhelmed
- Whole nutty market is ending as rates climb; Tesla is 'completely dependent on free money in order to even exist'
- Plan A is fast bankruptcy from running out of money, Plan B is a busted growth story visible by early 2020 when competitor EVs hit showrooms
- Comparable: Valiant fell >90% after its initial 50% break — the best time to short valiant was AFTER the Philidor news, by analogy the best time to short Tesla may be right now
- Strategic buyout, if any, unlikely above $30/share — $10 extremely unlikely even in a buyout scenario
Risks acknowledged
- Very high short interest puts a floor under the stock (shorts don't all wait for zero to cover)
- Strategic investor could theoretically inject ~$5B at $15-20/share and spike the stock back to $200
2 predictions from this thesis
Strongly BearishMark Spiegel talks Tesla at Kase Learning webinar on short sellingSep 23, 2018
Open source video →Tesla checks every box for a short: promotional/lying CEO, terrible business model, encroaching competition, no real bull case. Q1 2018 S/X already down double-digits both sequentially and YoY before luxury EVs arrive. Model 3 reservations running out — the all-wheel-drive backlog gone so fast that new orders ship in 3 days. Build-vs-buy for a would-be acquirer: ~\$5B for a clean-sheet state-of-the-art EV program vs \$60B+ debt-laden Tesla with hundreds of thousands of promised free-lifetime supercharger sessions as a liability. Position rolled from January 2020 to June 2021 LEAPs — bet is Plan A fast bankruptcy OR Plan B valuation collapse to ~\$0 equity as luxury EVs hit showrooms and the auto-multiple resets.
Key arguments
- S/X unit sales down double-digits sequentially and YoY in Q1 2018 — the higher-margin backbone is shrinking before luxury EV competition arrives
- Audi e-tron (~\$8K cheaper than cheapest Model X), Mercedes EQC (~\$18K cheaper), Porsche Taycan (2019), Jaguar I-Pace already in showrooms
- Rear-wheel-drive Model 3 backlog is gone; even all-wheel-drive Model 3 orders now ship in 3 days — demand story is over
- Tesla factory has lowest productivity and worst quality of any major car factory; reporters hidden from the tent in the back that's hand-building cars
- DOJ + SEC investigations likely make a registration statement impossible without disclosures that would themselves collapse the stock
- Over \$10B debt + ~\$20B of long-term purchase commitments (mostly Panasonic) = \$30B+ of liabilities underwriting any acquirer
- \$5B clean-sheet EV program from a deep-pocketed buyer (~2K engineers × 3 years + state-of-art factory) replicates everything Tesla has with none of the liabilities — the build-vs-buy math wipes out equity value
- Model 3 reservation number of 420K almost certainly fabricated — Musk literally picked 420 for his own reasons, same as the take-private tweet price
- Floats dominated by Baillie Gifford, Fidelity, T. Rowe Price — the PMs have no answers for basic mechanical questions (e.g. why cylindrical cells vs prismatic)
- Over 10 senior executive departures in the last year leaving millions in unvested stock behind — pattern only previously seen at Enron and Valiant per Chanos
Risks acknowledged
- Biggest threat to the thesis: 'stupid money' injecting ~\$5B at a ~\$20B valuation and the stock spiking to \$80B on the relief, with the resulting small float keeping it elevated
- Pure-play bias (IRBT analogy): retail may keep bidding Tesla simply because it's the only listed EV story, even as incumbents dominate the actual market
2 predictions from this thesis
Strongly BearishTesla 🐮vs🐻 Debate: Mark Spiegel & HyperChange Hosted By Cheddar 🧀Aug 6, 2018
Open source video →Tesla can never reach structural profitability: Q2 2018 gross margin was barely positive on Model 3 with under-reserved warranty, market demand for a $50K+ Model 3 is much smaller than bulls believe, luxury-EV incumbents (Jaguar, Mercedes, Audi, Porsche) arrive in 2018-2019 and will destroy Tesla, and autonomy tech lags every independent study. Either Tesla can't raise capital and goes bankrupt in 6 months, or it raises and becomes a busted growth story as competitors arrive — Palm-to-BlackBerry or BlackBerry-to-iPhone.
Key arguments
- Growing money-losing revenue is not a sustainable business — the multi-billion debt wall is the real pressure
- Jaguar, Mercedes, Audi, Porsche luxury EVs arriving over the next 1-12 months, head-to-head Jaguar already beats Tesla
- Model 3 market is nowhere near the size bulls claim; actual deliveries ~10-12K/month, inventory piling up
- Tesla doesn't make batteries — buys cells from Panasonic and Samsung, no proprietary tech, no moat
- Australian Powerwall deal ran at roughly zero gross margin (i.e. a loss); Samsung sold them the batteries rather than bidding themselves
- Tesla's AI/autonomy tech is behind every independent study; FSD 'chip' is fictional until it ships
- Multi-billion debt maturities can't be serviced without outside capital — but SEC/disclosure issues may block a raise
Risks acknowledged
- Galileo's bull case: Model 3 is the iPhone moment, annual demand exceeds 500K/year, Musk's track record with PayPal/Tesla/SpaceX makes him the right jockey, GM/Ford are leveraged ICE banks being repriced
- Q3 2018 one-time regulatory-credit sales could boost the quarter; tigers don't change stripes but Musk can put on an act when he has to
1 prediction from this thesis
Strongly BearishMark Spiegel's presentation on Tesla (TSLA) at the Kase Learning conf on short selling, 5/3/18.May 15, 2018
Open source video →Tesla equity is worth zero. Q1 2018 financials are catastrophic (GAAP loss of $760M, over $25K lost per car), the competitive moat is collapsing as 14+ luxury EVs from Jaguar, Audi, Porsche, Mercedes, BMW, VW arrive in 2018-2020, the Panasonic Gigafactory is effectively a capital lease (and solid-state batteries will obsolete lithium-ion by the mid-2020s), Model 3 cannot be profitably built at the promised $35K base price, and Elon Musk has a long public track record of misleading statements.
Key arguments
- Q1 2018 GAAP loss excluding ZEV credits was $760M — over $25,000 lost per car sold
- Negative net working capital of ~$2.3B and Q1 free cash flow of negative $1B
- 14+ luxury EVs from Jaguar, Audi, Porsche, Mercedes, BMW, Volkswagen arriving 2018-2020 at comparable or lower prices, many with interiors well beyond Tesla
- Tesla's $7,500 US tax credit expires late 2018 while competitors' credits are just beginning — pricing pressure will be intense
- Panasonic's so-called Gigafactory investment is a capital lease of equipment back to Tesla; Panasonic will happily sell the same cells to competitors
- Solid-state batteries by the mid-2020s will fully obsolete lithium-ion and Tesla's Gigafactory
- Tesla ranked dead last in autonomous driving by Navigant; three autopilot program leads have departed in ~18 months
- A base Model 3 costs mid-$40Ks to build — Tesla cannot sell profitably at the $35K price it promised; Bernstein says only ~30% of owner reservations converted
- Multiple lawsuits, SEC disclosure issues, and a long history of missed Musk profitability promises compound the 'can't be trusted' thesis
1 prediction from this thesis
Strongly BearishMark B Spiegel: No Rational Reason to Be Long Tesla Motors StockJun 29, 2017
Open source video →Three-part short thesis: Tesla is losing more money than ever even before luxury EV competition arrives (Jaguar I-Pace, Audi e-tron rolling out 2018); there is no technological moat (Panasonic cells are commodity, prismatic cells from Samsung/LG are leapfrogging Tesla's cylindrical format); Musk is untrustworthy with a long record of deceptive public statements and a reckless personal style. The ~\$60B enterprise value is underwritten by ~\$8B debt that will exceed remaining asset value by the end. Model 3 breakeven is ~\$41K per UBS teardown — the promised \$35K model is fiction, and every Model 3 sold will cannibalize higher-margin S/X sales.
Key arguments
- Zero sequential growth in Model S/X sales for four straight quarters — already stalling before luxury EV competitors arrive
- Jaguar I-Pace, Audi e-tron in showrooms within 12 months — better-looking, nicer interiors, at or below Tesla pricing
- Panasonic cells sold to any automaker — Tesla has no proprietary battery; competitors moving to prismatic cells that are cheaper to assemble and easier to cool
- BMW plant: 9,000 employees, 400K cars/year. Tesla: 6,000 employees, 77K cars/year — Tesla is a horribly inefficient manufacturer
- Tesla Energy battery-storage gross margins were double-digit negative last quarter
- Model 3 breakeven ~\$41K (UBS teardown); even at \$50K ASP the 10% gross margin is offset by S/X cannibalization
- SolarCity acquisition was a bailout of Musk's cousins using Tesla shareholder capital — shareholders will 'get what they deserve'
1 prediction from this thesis